What to do about renal pelvic stones
Renal pelvic stones are a common urinary system disease. In recent years, with changes in lifestyle, the incidence rate has gradually increased. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to give you a detailed introduction to the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of renal pelvic stones, and provide structured data for reference.
1. Causes of renal pelvic stones
The formation of renal pelvis stones is related to many factors, including:
| Cause | Description |
|---|---|
| dietary factors | High-salt, high-protein, and high-purine diets can easily lead to stone formation |
| Metabolic abnormalities | Abnormal uric acid metabolism, abnormal calcium metabolism, etc. |
| urinary tract infection | Repeated urinary tract infections may cause stones |
| genetic factors | Family history increases risk |
| Not enough water | Chronic lack of water intake leads to concentrated urine |
2. Symptoms of renal pelvic stones
The clinical manifestations of renal pelvic stones are diverse, and common symptoms include:
| Symptoms | incidence | Features |
|---|---|---|
| low back pain | 85% | Sudden severe pain that may radiate to the lower abdomen |
| Hematuria | 75% | Gross or microscopic hematuria |
| Frequency and urgency of urination | 60% | Caused by stones irritating the bladder |
| Nausea and vomiting | 50% | reflex symptoms caused by pain |
| Fever | 30% | Occurs during co-infection |
3. Diagnostic Methods of Renal Pelvis Stones
The diagnosis of renal pelvic stones requires a combination of multiple examination methods:
| Check method | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound examination | No radiation, repeatable inspection | Low detection rate for small stones |
| Plain X-ray film | Simple and fast | Unable to show uric acid stones |
| CT scan | High detection rate and three-dimensional reconstruction possible | Larger radiation |
| Intravenous pyelography | Shows kidney function and urinary tract morphology | Need to inject contrast agent |
4. Treatment options for renal pelvic stones
Different treatments are chosen based on stone size, location and patient condition:
| Treatment | Indications | success rate |
|---|---|---|
| Conservative treatment | Stones <6mm in diameter | 70-80% |
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy | Stones with a diameter of 6-20mm | 60-90% |
| ureteroscopy lithotripsy | Middle and lower ureteral stones | 85-95% |
| percutaneous nephrolithotripsy | Large or complex stones | More than 90% |
| open surgery | special circumstances | More than 95% |
5. Preventive measures for renal pelvic stones
Preventing the recurrence of renal pelvic stones requires multi-faceted efforts:
1.Drink more water: Daily water intake should be maintained at 2000-3000ml to keep urine dilute.
2.diet modification: Reduce the intake of high-salt, high-protein, and high-purine foods and increase the intake of vegetables and fruits.
3.Proper exercise: Regular exercise helps prevent stone formation.
4.Regular physical examination: Especially those with a history of stones should undergo regular check-ups.
5.control weight: Obesity is one of the risk factors for stones.
6. Latest Treatment Progress
According to recent hot topics, there are the following new developments in the treatment of renal pelvic stones:
1.minimally invasive techniques: Ultra-micro percutaneous nephroscopy technology causes less trauma and faster recovery.
2.laser lithotripsy: The efficiency of holmium laser lithotripsy is improved and complications are reduced.
3.Medicinal stone dissolution: New stone-dissolving drugs for uric acid stones are effective.
4.artificial intelligence: AI-assisted diagnosis system can improve stone detection rate.
Although renal pelvic stones are common, most patients can achieve a good prognosis with prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. If relevant symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical advice as soon as possible to avoid delaying the condition.
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